On the application of boundary layer method in the large deflection plastic buckling of a cylindrical shell

Using a cylindrical shell under axial loading as an example, we discuss the possibility of applying the membrane theory together with the boundary layer correction to analyze the large deflection plastic buckling problem. In the cases of fixed ends and simply-supported ends, the conditions to be satisfied for using the boundary layer method (also called the composite-expansion method) are given and discussed.     

口腔环境因素对树脂牙摩擦学特性的影响

采用往复滑动摩擦磨损试验台，通过体外模拟口腔环境，考察了树脂牙同TA2钛球对摩时的摩擦磨损性能，探讨了几种口腔环境因素对树脂牙摩擦学性能的影响．结果表明：树脂牙在人工唾液介质中同钛球对摩时表现出较好的摩擦磨损性能；随着法向咬合力增加，树脂牙的主要磨损机制由轻微磨粒磨损转变为严重粘着磨损，耐磨性能变差；人工唾液和碳酸饮料长期浸泡处理对树脂牙摩擦磨损性能影响很小；而在温度0～60℃范围内经热循环老化预处理后树脂牙的耐磨性显著降低．     

ANALYSIS ON ACOUSTICAL SCATTERING BY A CRACKED ELASTIC STRUCTURE

The acoustical scattering by a cracked elastic structure is studied. The mixed method of boundary element and fractal finite element is adopted to solve the cracked structure-acoustic coupling problem. The fractal two-level finite element method is employed for the cracked structure, which can reduce the degree of freedoms (DOFs) greatly, and the boundary element method is used for the exterior acoustic field which can automatically satisfy Sommerfeld‘s radiation condition. Numerical examples show that the resonance frequency is lower with the crack‘s depth increase, and that the effect on the acoustical field by the crack is particularly pronounced in the vicinity of the crack tip. This mixed method of boundary element and finite element is effective in solving the scattering problem by a cracked structure.     

压电压磁复合材料中裂纹对反平面简谐弹性波的散射问题

分析了压电压磁复合材料中裂纹对反平面简谐弹性波的散射问题。利用傅立叶变换,使问题的求解转换为对一对以裂纹表面上的位移差为未知变量的对偶积分方程的求解。为了求解对偶积分方程,把裂纹面上的位移差展开为雅可比多项式形式,进而得到了裂纹长度、入射波波速及入射波频率对裂纹应力强度因子的影响。从数值结果可以看出,压电压磁复合材料中可导通裂纹的反平面问题的动应力奇异性与一般弹性材料中的反平面断裂问题动应力奇异性相同。     

孔洞裂纹问题的一种数值方法

研究孔洞与裂纹的相互作用问题,通过把适于单一裂纹的Bueckner原理扩充到含有多孔洞多裂纹的一般体系,将原问题分解为承受远处载荷不含裂纹不含孔洞的均匀问题,和在远处不承受载荷但在裂纹面上和孔洞表面上承受面力的多孔洞多裂纹问题.于是,以应力强度因子作为参量的问题可以通过考虑后者来解决,而利用笔者提出的杂交位移不连续法,这种多孔洞多裂纹问题是容易数值求解的.算例说明该数值方法对分析平面弹性介质中孔洞与裂纹的相互作用既简单又有效.     

Ⅱ-Ⅲ混合型裂纹相变增韧分析

本文采用压力敏感准则和松函数法对相变增韧陶瓷Ⅱ-Ⅲ混合型裂纹的增韧效应进行了理论预测。分别给出了静止裂纹和定常扩展裂纹相变塑性屏蔽的理论表达式。结果表明：相变对静止裂纹有甚微的负屏蔽效应，并随KⅢ/KⅡ的比值而波动；相变对定常扩展裂纹的增韧结果除与材料弹性模量、相变尾区高度和相变体积分数有关外，还与KⅢ/KⅡ的比值有关。     

Variation of the stress intensity factor along the front of a 3-D rectangular crack subjected to mixed-mode load

Summary  The singular integral equation method is applied to the calculation of the stress intensity factor at the front of a rectangular crack subjected to mixed-mode load. The stress field induced by a body force doublet is used as a fundamental solution. The problem is formulated as a system of integral equations with r ⁻³-singularities. In solving the integral equations, unknown functions of body-force densities are approximated by the product of polynomial and fundamental densities. The fundamental densities are chosen to express two-dimensional cracks in an infinite body for the limiting cases of the aspect ratio of the rectangle. The present method yields rapidly converging numerical results and satisfies boundary conditions all over the crack boundary. A smooth distribution of the stress intensity factor along the crack front is presented for various crack shapes and different Poisson's ratio. Received 5 March 2002; accepted for publication 2 July 2002     

ELECTROELASTIC FIELD FOR AN IMPERMEABLE ANTI-PLANE SHEAR CRACK IN A PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS PLATE

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残余应力对压力容器破坏模式的影响分析

破前漏(简称LBB)是压力容器、核电站设备结构设计与评价中的一个重要准则.表面裂纹准静态扩展的几何形貌变化规律的预测是破前漏(LBB)评判十分重要的课题之一.本文对特定焊接残余应力场加载作用下,含三维表面裂纹的压力容器模型,用有限元软件(ABAQUS)进行了表面裂纹准静态扩展模拟计算,得到在此残余应力场作用下应力强度因子沿裂纹前缘的分布规律.结合外载引起的应力强度因子,就可以判别裂纹的扩展形貌,从而判断结构是否满足LBB要求.     

含环向表面裂纹圆柱壳的波传播特性研究

研究了振动波在含有环向表面裂纹的无限长圆柱壳中的传播特性.圆柱壳体的振动用Flügge方程来描述.运用线弹性断裂力学的理论,考虑到裂纹的张开、滑移和撕裂3种模式以及它们相互之间的耦合,利用分布的线弹簧来模拟裂纹并建立了裂纹所在区域的局部柔度矩阵,得到由此引起的附加位移和壳体中内力之间的关系.在入射波已知的情况下,根据裂纹两侧区域的位移和内力的连续性条件得到了反射和透射波的幅值系数.分析了入射波通过裂纹后的透射、反射系数与激励频率和裂纹尺寸之间的关系.为基于振动功率流方法识别圆柱壳表面损伤提供了理论基础.